PENGARUH INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR PERBANKAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

Abstract

The emerging of knowledge based industry era indicate that corporate from various industrial sector, particularly from banking sector have been using intangible asset as one of corporate main resource to keep corporate sustainability through creation of competitive advantage. Intangible assets or known as Intellectual Capital is combination of capital employed, human capital, and structural capital owned by a company. The principal purpose of this research is to investigate Intellectual Capital influence on financial performance of Indonesian banking sector. Data used on this research was Indonesian banking sector corporate listed in Bursa Efek Indonesia for the period 2009-2011. Multiple linear regression method was used to investigate the influence of Intellectual Capital measured by VAIC model on the corporate financial performance measured by three corporate financial performance indicator: profitability (ROA), productivity (ATO) and market valuation (MB). The statistics test result showed that Capital Employed (VACA) has positive significant influence to profitability, productivity and market valuation. Human Capital (VAHU) has negative significant influence to profitability and productivity. Meanwhile, Structural Capital (STVA) significantly positive influencing profitability. This research also ranked corporate Intellectual Capital performance based on Best Performance Index (BPI). This research is limited to sample 26 Indonesian “go public” bank, so does not cover all registered bank in Indonesia. The findings may serve as a useful input for managers to apply Intellectual Capital as resource to build corporate competitive advantage. The result may also increase investor perspective in assessing corporate performance.